Questions # 9 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Questions # 9 - Essay Example e burden of explaining of showing that she receives relatively lower pay than a male co-employee, for undertaking work substantially equivalent in skill, effort and responsibility under the prevailing identical working circumstances (Johnson & Everhart, 2011). This comparison ought to be made factor by factor with an existing opposite comparator. Therefore, the formation of the prima facie case under the Equal Pay Act fundamentally hinges on the underlying selection of a proper comparator (Twomey, 2010). For instance in this case, John would be a proper comparator to Jena under the Equal Pay Act. This is because Jena was employed in order to handle complex accounting problems which required similar skills and responsibilities. Moreover, Jevan had more responsibilities than John (Johnson & Everhart, 2011). Under these prevailing facts, the court will definitely observe that Jena meet her burden of depicting that she undertook work substantially equivalent in skill, effort and responsibility under the working conditions similar to the John’s. Indeed, Jena undertook more than that she and John are paid different salaries. Therefore, she can put forth an adequate prima facie case under the Equal Pay Act. The outcome of the case falls firmly in the Fourth Circuit’s mainly established jurisprudence with regard to Equal Pay Act (Snell & Bohlander, 2013). In such cases Fourth Circuit is analyzed an Equal Pay Act claim within the higher education context. The court has affirmed either a grant of summary judgment or corresponding dismissal of the action based on the plaintiff’s failure to establish a prima facie (Twomey, 2010). Similarly, in cases where the prevailing plaintiff has identified a specific comparator, but the comparison clearly is an unsuitable one thus the Fourth Circuit must immediately uphold the summary of the judgment. In case Jena fails to establish a prima facie claim under the Act then it would be cumbersome for a plaintiff in an Equal Pay Act

Movie The Marriage of Maria Braun Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Marriage of Maria Braun - Movie Review Example Maria's former life is non-existent. Her virginal entrance into marriage is an assumption. She is perceived as America unexplored. Where did she learn her "tricks of the trade" As Germany struggles to recapture some semblance of power in the late 1940's the film "The Marriage of Maria Braun" by Fassbinder, depicts the stages of war and a relationship that begs the question of her marriage; is it legitimate or indeed a farce Maria Braun played by a bountiful Hannah Shygulla represents a virginal America. Remember that America is pulled into the war predominantly by the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. America, in all reality, played the role of maiden well, forgetting its previous conquests and meddlings all for the sake of democracy. In the first scene, the audience is asked to grapple with the destruction of the world around the young couple. There is destruction amidst babies crying, armory sounds, guns sounding and fires. Maria loses her husband to the war and America loses its oil. Both come out in bad shape. Maria gives away her most sentimental possessions to save her marriage as to America fighting for oil under the guise of democracy. Recalling once the olden days of George Washington, when the policy of neutrality was upheld, oil was an all encompassing monster of a thing to deal with considering embargos and such. Maria gives away her wedding dress to get a few potatoes literally, as she did in the movie, and ultimately the Germans end up "French fried". All this occurs in the second scene where she implies that rations during the war were as rare as the men. The nurse questions the validity of her marriage. Japan drops the bomb on Pearle Harbor. Is the America we know as strong as they boast How far will America go for oil and democracy. Mrs. Braun gives away everything to save her marriage until which point she resorts to giving away herself. The peddling and the hustling begins with a dress. She walks to a dark vestibule and negotiates for the purchase of a new fancy dress. Her German peddler is also selling books. She buys the dress. Is this dame sincere in her purchase. What is a dress to the viewer To the keen intellectual eye it is a treaty that works itself as the Allied Forces. She seals the purchase by bringing all her longtime friends and aquaintences along in her world who are not sure whether or not to believe that her husband will return. What is profound about Wildenhahn was that he tried to capture the "truth of the everyday" by using stereotypes as central characters. Where or what would America be without the element of racial division and the element of prostitution. These issues are touchy in Western Culture but still warrant delving into in conversations at forums, colleges and universities where change can start in America. Filmmakers such as he, rallied for the right to address sensitive issues and boldly at that. Wildehahn knew when pushing the envelope how far to go. His movie, set in post WWII Germany had not the censorship issues that others had. Such as was the case with Group 47 formed in protest to the liberal-left literary journal Der Ruf in 1947. And to boot he pursued the audiences point of view and not necessarily his own. In the movie "Who needs Whom," (1972) the filmmaker, struggling with issues of audience and participation devised a strategy of a cabaret show to propel the audience

Ebola Outbreak 2014: Causes and Treatments

Ebola Outbreak 2014: Causes and Treatments Asra Ali Table of Contents (Jump to) 1.1 Introduction 1.2 History 1.3 Characteristic of EBOV 1.4 Symptoms 1.5 Diagnosis Methods 1.6 Treatments for Ebola Virus 1.7 Conclusions Reference list 1.1 Introduction EVD is a hemorrhagic illness having a severe fatality rate of 90% that has caused an epidemic in West Africa in the year 2014 (World Health Organization, 2014). This is considered to be the most deadly and the first to occur in West Africa and in its history. (Weekly Epidemiological Report, 2014). As mentioned above, the first outbreak of the virus took place in Central Africa; it consisted of nearly 5,000 cases up to date (World Health Organization, 2014). According to study conducted by Lamantagne et al (2014), states that that 30,000 individuals have been reported dead in the month of September 2014 itself. He also provokes that this has brought an urgency to bring the epidemic situation to a control. No current attacks in Sri Lanka with respect to Ebola have arose; however, Dr. P.G. Mahipala says that screening facilities have been attempted to monitor Sri Lankans and outsiders in the Katunayaka International Airport (Colombo page, 2014). Since certain studies confirm that Rousettus aegyptiacus is the natural reservoir of the virus, it is still challenging scientists to find out the exact route of transmission (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). However, it is noted that Ebola is spread through direct contact. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). 1.2 History Ebola is a zoonotic disease caused by a viral pathogen that causes lethal hemorrhagic fever syndrome in humans (Sullivan, Yang andNabel, 2003). This disease is known to be caused by a RNA containing virus that belongs to the family of Filoviridae and genus of Ebola virus (Chowell and Nishiura, 2014). Ebola viral disease (EVD) is also known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, which was first, discovered in 1976 near the Ebola River in the Central Africa, of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which was formerly known as Zaire (Draper, 2002). However, it was reported to have an outbreak of 284 people being infected with the disease having mortality rate of 53% that lasted for 27 years (Sullivan, Yang andNabel, 2003; Waterman, 1999). Furthermore, the second attack of Ebola emerged from Yambuka that was caused by one of the strains of Ebola virus known to be the Zaire Ebola virus (EBOZ) that had the highest mortality rate of 88% (Waterman, 1999) where 7 people were dead among 31 casualties ( Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). Tremendous research have been studied but never succeeded in finding the natural reservoir of the virus (Waterman, 1999). However, it is now concluded that since EVD is zoonotic disease, it is spread by Rousettus aegyptiacus of the fruit bat species of the sub-Saharan region and central African region. Figure 1 illustrates the historical outbreak of the virus (Feldmann, 2014) Figure 1: The Historical Outbreak of Ebola Virus (Waterman, 1999). Filoviridae viruses are usually found in green monkeys imported from Africa (Peters and Leduc, 1999). The first significant outbreak of Ebola occurred in Sudan that killed infected human and non-human primates (World Health Organization, 2014). However, the evolutionary history of Ebola remains unclear (Li and Chen, 2013). In 1989, Ebola appeared in monkey imported to Reston, Virginia, primate facility of Washington, DC (peters and peters, 1999). In addition, it has been reported that small subclinical outbreaks in the United States and Philippines had spread but were not so lethal for humans (CDC, 2003, sited in Casilas et al, 2003). Ebola usually has a fatality rate that often exceeds 80% (Geisbert et al, 2008). Although the clinical course is well known, the specific mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity of Ebola virus is not clearly known (Sullivan, Yang and Nabel, 2003). People are infected through the use of unsterilized needles and syringes (Peters and Peters, 1999). 1.3 Characteristic of EBOV EBOV are non-segmented, negative strand RNA viruses which constitute to the family Filoviridae (Stimola, 2011; Kim, 1999). The viral multiplies as a result of the genome coding capacity that produces a number of transcripts encoding for structural and non-structural glycoproteins (Mehedi, 2013). Ebola genome consists of seven genes where Viral Protein 40 (VP40) is expressed the most abundantly (Gyamfi et al, 2013). VP40 usually assembles on the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, however the mechanistic details of plasma membrane by VP40 is not yet clearly known (Gyamfi et al, 2013). Hence, this is achieved by RNA editing, where non-template adenosine residues are in co-operated into the mRNA of EBOV at an editing site encoding for seven adenosine residues (Mehedi, 2013). Ebola enters the human cell by using one of the seven surface proteins available on the membrane, to trick the cell into thinking that the virus is not pathogenic thereby making the immune response inactive (Stimola,2011). Figure 2 illustrates an Electron Micrograph of Ebola virus Figure 2: Electron Micrograph of Ebola Virus (CDC, 2014). The virion containing RNA is a negative sense strand (complementary to RNA), therefore it is copied into a complementary plus-strand for protein formation to proceed for pathogenesis (Hunt, 2010).Virology studies have found very few about the EBOV as it contains genes less than a dozen when compared to other viruses like poxviruses and herpes viruses (Peters and Peters, 1999). The transmission of the virus usually takes place through broken skin or mucous membranes, with blood, secretions such as semen or any other body fluids such as breast milk of infected people (WHO, 2014). 1.4 Symptoms The incubation period of the virus is between 2 to 21 days (World Health Organization, 2014). Symptoms arises only after the first 10 days of infection which includes Fever, Severe Headache, chills, weakness, joint and muscle aches, (Mayo Clinic, 2014). Further Symptoms includes vomiting, diarrhea, impaired kidney and liver function where internal and external bleeding can persists (World Health Organization, 2014). As the virus enters the body, cytokines are released when reticuloendothelial cells encounter the virus which contributes to inflammatory responses that can be violent. (Sullivan, Yang and Nabel, 2003). Stimola (2011) explains that lungs are filled in blood that causes individuals to cough out blood. Furthermore, she states that bleeding from eyes and skin are also prominent features of the disease. Severe damage to the liver, with the combination of massive viremia, leads to disseminated intravascular coagulopathy and eventually, it infects the micro-vascular endothelial cells and compromises vascular integrity (Sullivan, Yang and Nabel, 2003). Diarrhea and vomiting is due to severe gastrointestinal illness and volume depletion with a series of metabolic disorders occurs, ultimately hypovolemic shock occurs (Lamantagne et al, 2014). 1.5 Diagnosis Methods Ebola is a disease that is unable to be distinguished among other diseases such as Malaria, Typhoid Fever and Meningitis (World Health Organization, 2014). This is because Ebola virus replicates at a very high rate which overwhelms the protein synthesis of infected cells and the host immune system (Sullivan, Yang and Nabel, 2003). Patients are diagnosed using various methods such as ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) technique, PCR (Polymerase Chain Reactions) and various other laboratory tests (Sullivan, Yang and Nabel, 2003). ELISA is sensitive and specific in determination of the viral antigens in serum that screen large numbers of suspect human samples in a short period of time (Peters and Peters, 1999). During infection it is known that both the proteins of host and viral cells contribute to the pathogenesis of Ebola Virus (Sullivan, Yang and Nabel, 2003). Further into the course of the disease or after the patients recovery immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G can be de tected (Turner and Cheryl, 2014). Table 1.1 illustrates the diagnostic methods available. Timeline of Infection Diagnostic Tests Available Within a few days after symptoms begin Antigens capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing. Immunoglobulin M ELISA PCR (Polymerase Chain Reactions) Virus Isolation Later in disease course or after recovery Immunoglobulin M and Immunoglobulin G anti-bodies Retrospectively in deceased patients Immunohistochemistry testing Polymerase Chain Reaction Virus Isolation Table 1.1: Diagnostic Methods (CDC, 2014). Detection can also depend on molecular techniques including multiple reverse transcriptase PCR assays. (Feldmann, 2014). Immunohistochemistry, PCR and Isolation of the Virus are also performed (Turner and Cheryl, 2014). Laboratory testing using polymerase chain reaction gives a specific result and this is used widely as a result (Lamontagne, 2014). Antigen detection maybe performed to confirm immediate diagnosis, whereas, assays for detection of anti-bodies are secondary tests that are primarily important (Feldmann, 2014). Samples from patients are extreme biohazard risk in which laboratory testing on non-inactivated samples and should be conducted under maximum protective conditions (World Health Organization, 2014). 1.6 Treatments for Ebola Virus Recovery from Ebola depends on good clinical care and the patients immune response (CDC, 2014). The Global Health Security Agenda aims to strengthen public health systems that need to eradicate the deadly EVD (Frieden et al, 2014). Standard precautions are used by health care workers by using personal protection equipment to prevent exposure from the infected (Turner and Cheryl, 2014). Effective way to keep away from the Ebola virus is to use Soap, dilute bleach, or any alcohol based hand sanitizers, which readily disrupts the envelope of the single stranded RNA virus (lamantagne et al, 2014). Three core interventions have stopped every pathogenic disease and the way of transmission. These are exhaustive case and contact tracing, effective response to patients and the community, and preventive interventions (Lamantagne et al, 2014). There is no proven treatment available for Ebola Virus Disease but through supportive care rehydration with oral or intravenous fluids for specific symptoms, improves survival (World Health Organization, 2014). Currently available antiviral medications are not effective (Turner and Cheryl, 2014). When a person can no longer drink, intravenous medications are given and delivery of appropriate replacement solutions are required but in some cases the victims die due to inadequate intravenous fluid resuscitation (Lamantagne et al,2014). Passive transfer of antibodies in animal models only delayed the onset of symptoms and did not alter overall survival (Sullivan, Yang and Nabel, 2003). The activated allogeneic lymphocytes and the increased number of platelets erythrocytes, and plasma were probably beneficial (Peters and Peters, 1999). People who recover from Ebola develop antibodies that last for at least 10 years (CDC, 2014). Some people who have recovered from the infection of Ebola have developed complications as joint and vision problems which could be there for a long time (CDC, 2014). In Ebola infection the ability of neutralizing antibodies to serve as passive immunotherapies is not well understood (Lee and Saphire, 2014). 1.7 Conclusions Ebola is a viral hemorrhagic zoonotic disease that is caused by the genus Ebola virus that consists of negative sense RNA (Sullivan, Yang andNabel, 2003). This was first discovered in the 1976 in the central Africa of DRC. (Draper, 2002). Since then, there have been many outbreaks that have been identified having a mortality rate of over 90% (World Health Organization, 2014). Ebola is transmitted by the vector Rousettus aegyptiacus (fruit bat) that infects humans and non-human primates through direct contact such as body fluids and physical contact (Feldmann, 2014). Symptoms are usually vomiting, diarrhea that lead to multiple organ failure and hemorrhage (Mayo Clinic, 2014). Therefore adequate diagnosis such as PCR and other various techniques such ELISA are used (Turner and Cheryl, 2014). Simultaneously, treatments are also been done to patients such as vaccination of antibodies and drug therapy.†¦. And proper sanitary implication that provides a better health system and to re duce the epidemic of Ebola (Stimola, 2011). Reference list Adu-Gyamfi, E., Soni, S.P., Xue, Y., Digman, M.A., Gratton, E. and Stahelin, R.V., (2013) ‘The Ebola Virus matrix protein penetrates into the plasma membrane: a key step in viral protein 40 (VP40) oligomerization and viral egress’, PubMed, 288(8), pp.5779-5789. [Online]. doi:10.1074/Jbc.M112.443960 (Accessed: 01 November 2014). Allison, S. P. (2002) Epidemics. Google Books [Online].Available at: http://books.google.co.uoks?id=FohdK6o8WICprintsec=frontcoverdq=books+on+ebolahl=ensa=Xei=nnEVVJ-HK8XsaPb8gdgFv (Accessed: 31 October 2014). Casillas, A.M., Nyamathi, A.M., Sosa, A., Wilder, C.L. and Sands, H. (2003) ‘A Current Review of Ebola Virus: Pathogenesis, Clinical Presentation, and Diagnostic Assessment’,Biological Research for Nursing, 9, pp.268-275. [Online]. DOI: 10.1177/1099800403252603 (Accessed: 31 October 2014). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2014)Ebola (Ebola virus disease).Available at:http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/symptoms/index.html?s_cid=cs_3923(Accessed: 31 October 2014). Colombo Page News Desk (2014) Sri Lanka Ebola Screening Facilities at International Airport Ready. Available at: www.colombopage.com/archieve_14B/Aug10_1407656253CH.php (Accessed: 02 November 2014). Epidemiological Unit Ministry of Health (2014) Ebola hemorrhagic fever: fact sheet. Available at: www.epid.gov.lk/web/attachments/article/146/Ebola_hemorrhagic_fever_Sheet.pdf (Accessed: 02 November 2014). Feldmann, H., (2014) ‘Ebola-A growing Threat’, The New England Journal of Medicine, 371, pp. 1375-1378. [Online].doi:10.1056/NEJMP1405314 (Accessed: 02 November 2014). Frieden, T.R., Damon, I., Bell, B.P., Kenyon, T. and Nichol, S. (2014) ‘Ebola 2014 – New Challenges, new global response and responsibility’, 371, pp. 1177-1180.[Online].doi: 10.1056/NEJMp1409903 (Accessed: 2 November 2014). Hunt, M., (2010) Virology, Available at: http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/mhunt/rna-ho.htm (Accessed: 01 November 2014). King, J.W., Khan, A.A., Chunha, B.A., Kerkering, T.M., Malik, R. and Talavera, F. (2003)Medscape.Available at: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/216288-overview(Accessed: 31 October 2014). Lamontagne, F., Clement, C., Fletcher, T., Jacob, S.T., Fischer, W. A. and Fowler, R. A. (2014). ‘Doing Todays’ Work Superbly well-Treating Ebola with Current Tools’ The New England Journal Of Medicine, 371, pp.1565-1566.[Online].doi: 10.1056/NEJMp1411310 (Accessed: 03 November 2014). Lee, J. and Saphire, E. (2009). ‘Ebola virus glycoprotein structure and mechanism of entry’, Future Virology, 4(6), pp.621-635.[Online]. Doi: 10.2217/fvl.09.56 (Accessed: 03 November 2014). Li, Y.H. and Chen, S.P., (2014) ‘Evolutionary history of Ebola virus’, Epidemiology and Infection, 142(6), pp.1138-1145.[Online].doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0950268813002215 (Accessed: 02 November 2014). Makashkevich, V.N., Schneider, B.J., McNally, M.L., Milhollen, M.A., Pang, J.X. and Kim, P.S. (1999) ‘Core structure of the envelope glycoprotein GP2 from Ebola virus at 1.9-A resolution’, PNAS, 96(6).[Online].doi:10.1073/pnas.96.6.2662 (Accessed: 03 November 2014). Mayoclinic Staff (2014) Available at: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ebola-virus/basics/symptoms/con20031241 (Accessed: 01 November 2014). Mehedi, M., Hoenen, T., Robertson, S., Ricklefs, S., Dolan, M.A., Taylor, T., Falzarano, D., Ebihara, H., Porcella, S.F. and Feldmann, H. (2013) ‘Ebola virus RNA editing depends on the primary editing site sequence and an upstream secondary structure’, PubMed, 9(10). [Online].doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003677 (Accessed: 01 November 2014). Peters, C. J. and Peters, J. W. (1999) ‘An introduction to Ebola: The Virus and the disease’, The Journal of Infectious Disease, 179(1), pp. ix-xvi [Online].doi:1086/514322 (Accessed: 03 November 2014). Stimola, A. (2011) Ebola; Epidemics and Society, New York: The Rosen Publishing Group. Sullivan, N., Yang, Z.Y., and Nabel, G. J. (2003) ‘Ebola virus pathogenesis: implications for vaccines and therapies’, Journal of Virology, 77(18), pp. 9733-9737. [Online].doi: 10.1128/JVI.77.18.9733-9737.2003 (Accessed: 03 November 2014). Turner and Cheryl, R.N., (2014) ‘Ebola Virus disease: An emerging threat’, Nursing2014, 44(9), pp.68-69. [Online].doi:10.1097/01.NURSE.0000453010.02525.ca (Accessed: 01 November 2014). World Health Organization (2014) Ebola Virus Disease: fact sheet. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/en/ (Accessed: 31 October 2014).

John Steinbecks Novel, In Dubious Battle Essay -- John Steinbeck In D

John Steinbeck's Novel, In Dubious Battle We are lucky to have many talented writers who have successfully taught US history through their outstanding pieces of literature. One writer of this kind is John Steinbeck in the novel In Dubious Battle. It takes place in the 1930’s when Franklin Deleanor Roosevelt was President. The story is set in a small, rural, part of California, which is known as the Torgas Valley. The novel occurred before World War II at the late part of the Great Depression. The US was still recovering from the downfall from most of the American Industries that fell during the Great Depression. Due to the Industrial Revolution, there were no longer any large industries to support the overflowing amount of workers. The farms were the only place that needed a large work force. Therefore many of the workers had to move to the rural areas to support their needs and to survive. The farm owners were now able to cut the wages significantly, knowing that the workers would not quit and they would get all the work done.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The main character in In Dubious Battle is Jim Nolan. Throughout the novel his life constantly changes. No day is typical in his life. At first he was a normal working man in the urban parts of California. However, he was not satisfied with his job and wanted to have a completely different life. He then decided to join the Reds, or Radicals, which was a Party that wanted to start strikes and protest against the low wages given to all the w...

My Ideal Wife

My Ideal Wife, a Descriptive Essay A popular saying goes, â€Å"Marriage involves three rings: the engagement ring, the wedding ring, and the suffering. † If it is commonly felt that marriage is so difficult, why do most people wish to get married? Probably, the instinct to find a mate is inherent in human beings; and I am no exception. Somehow, I believe that there is someone out there who was made especially for me, and, once I find her, we will fall in love, and get married; and only then will I feel complete. So, how will I recognize the right girl for me?What qualities should I be looking for? It is very important to have a person you can always rely on. I want my wife to be this person. She would be tightly connected with my life. I want to wake up by her tender kiss. The first thing I would see would be her smiling face. She would make a breakfast for us. We would call each other from time to time during all day. In the evening I want to have dinner with her, cooked by her, and fall asleep holding my arm s around her. First of all, my future wife should be my best friend. I want to share all my troubles, sorrows and dreams with her.She would never let me down and I could always rely on her. Secondly, I want my wife to be my partner. Everything would be common for us: our children, our house, our money, and duties. And we would have to make important decisions together. They should be sensible and reasonable. Also, we should trust each other. Next, I want to have a good mother for my future children. She should be warm-hearted, gentle, understanding, and sometimes strict with them because a mother plays more important role in bringing up children than a man does.I wish my children were worthy members of modern society. Then, my wife should be an elegant and a good-looking woman. I want her to have smartness and beauty combined. Nowadays it is quite difficult to find a girl who is smart and beautiful at the same time but I will do my best to find her. Character is more important than looks. I cannot deny that I am attracted to good-looking girls, but marrying solely for physical attraction will probably lead to short term pleasure but life-long regret. I have also noticed that beautiful women are often vain and rrogant, which I find most unattractive. One of the main things that I admire in a woman is humility. Such a woman will not boast about her wealth, intelligence or achievements, but, instead appreciate other people's abilities and achievements. She will also readily admit when she has made a mistake. Such a woman would be a joy to live with. Good communication is the key to any solid relationship, most of all, marriage. I would want my future wife to share her thoughts with me. I want to hear her dreams and to share in her struggles.On the other hand, I will also need someone who will be ready to listen to me, and interested to know what is happening in my life. There should be no secrets between us. Life is full of challenges. We can expect to face failu re as well as success; heartache as well as joy; boredom as well as excitement. So, the perfect wife should have a positive attitude and a good sense of humour. She should be witty and say things which make me laugh. The perfect wife would also be one who can see the silver lining behind every cloud, rather than focus on the flaws in every situation.With such a woman, I will be encouraged to look at life in a happier and more positive way. Above all other qualities, the perfect wife will be faithful. She must be someone who really believes in that marriage is made to last â€Å"till death do us part†. She will be totally committed to our relationship, and willing to stay for the long haul, â€Å"in sickness and in health, for better or for worse†; as couples promise in the wedding vows. The perfect wife would not be distracted by other men; not even when I have lost my looks. He would be a â€Å"one man woman†.In return, I will also promise my total loyalty and faithfulness to my future wife. Actually, there are many other qualities that make a woman an ideal wife. However, while it is easy to make lists, finding a woman to live up to them will be very difficult. Furthermore, instead of focusing on my requirements for the perfect wife, I think I should recognize my own imperfections, and set about correcting them. As Barnett Brickner said, â€Å"Success in marriage does not come merely through finding the right mate, but through being the right mate. â€Å"

Out and Disabled Essay

Compare and Contrast the ways in how â€Å"Out, Out† and â€Å"Disabled† present the idea of a forgotten victim The poem â€Å"Out, Out† by Robert Frost has a strong resemblance with the poem â€Å"Disabled† by Wilfred Owen as both poems demonstrate the fragility of life and how one person’s death can be easily forgotten. â€Å"Out, Out† the title speaks of everything, used in Shakespeare’s play ‘Macbeth’ It implies how life is ultimately described like a candle, when the flame goes off there is eternal darkness. In â€Å"Disabled† it essentially shows the same meaning where the women’s interest passed to â€Å"strong men that were whole† because the once glorious man in â€Å"Disabled† became nothing at all. The use of personification in â€Å"Out, Out† where the buzz saw â€Å"snarled and rattled† evokes a sense of foreboding. The buzz saw is seen as aggressive where cutting the boy’s hand was seen as a target and was meant to happen after all. The saw is seen as aggressive where cutting the boy’s hand was seen as a target and was meant to happen after all. The boy is simply nothing but dinner to the predator as he was its â€Å"supper† was mentioned right at the same moment when his hand was cut off. This is an effective method of making the boy seem worthless. The buzz saw has its own mind and is always one step ahead to make it seem dominant. Betrayal is a key point of the two poems as both victims had been betrayed by their own people. The boy was seen as only another death so no one cared about what happened since they were not the â€Å"ones dead† so they just move on with their life without any mourning. In â€Å"Disabled† the man was also seen as someone who is nothing as he is no longer â€Å"whole†. Where he was once a celebrated man, his life had completely changed due to his inexperience and naive view on war. He shares a similar fate as to the boy in â€Å"Out, Out† His actions were noble but they don’t matter at all since he had gained nothing out of it, he wasn’t able to win his â€Å"Meg† and he only brought back scars from the war. He was left alone like garbage since the women moved away to the other â€Å"strong men†. No matter what he did for his nation, he was a forgotten victim like the boy in â€Å"Out, Out†. It explains that the lives of these two people are insignificant and it’s best just to move on. On the other hand, both poems are both structured differently. â€Å"Out, Out† is a flowing story which has no stanzas. This structure allows the poem to be more fluid and keeps the pace of the story moving. It is seen through a third person perspective whereas â€Å"Disabled† the structure of the poem has stanzas and shows the perception of the past and the present. Robert Frosting juxtaposes the structure of the poem which aims to give a strong sense of contrast from one another so by using the past and the present, it is a very important role in the poem because one of the interesting part of â€Å"Disabled† is the main character as we can easily see how rueful he is due to his nostalgic days of when he was young. At stanza 1, it is hard to convince that the ruined man is the same person in stanza 3. He was known as one of the admired people as he was â€Å"silly† for his face. As he looked like a ‘god in kilts’ it is very contrasting to his future where he is in his â€Å"ghastly† suit. However, even though they have a contrasting structure they have something similar in terms of events that are not mentioned. Both poems predict something dreadful is about to happen to the characters as the personification used in ‘Out, Out’ ‘snarled and rattled’ hints that that the buzz saw is planning to strike. The structure has an unusual change where it is first introduced to something unpleasant which is the buzz saw but then the tone quickly changes to a tranquil state. Then it quickly shows the mountain ranges ‘one behind the other’ and ‘under the sunset, far into Vermont’ it foreshadows the boy’s death as the beauty could symbolize heaven. The tone quickly changes from concentrated to something serene. One other thing which is fascinating is that the poem has an image of society where society is cruelly creating the feeling of a forgotten victim just like the â€Å"women† in â€Å"Disabled†. The fact that both poems have the characters offering their body part creates an impression that they are worthless. It gives an idea that the body parts are no longer their own body. In â€Å"Disabled† he â€Å"threw away† his knees which is an unsympathetic manner to mention about his own legs â€Å"Out, out† is very comparable as he has â€Å"given† the hand. The fact that it wasn’t mentioned as â€Å"his† hand proves that it was no longer his own. In the poems both protagonists are robbed of their youth because they are both thrust into a dangerous adult world. They are chosen to be killed and left alone even though they are young which gives a poignant feeling and the sense of being forgotten. They interestingly have the same characteristics because in ‘Out, out’ the boy is doing â€Å"a man’s work† which implies a sense of experience and doing work that is years ahead of his age. Equal with â€Å"Disabled† where he finds himself in the present in a suit of grey. Similarly both protagonist in the poems portray the sense of being used by people because once they can’t achieve anything, they are no use to their leaders and society so they are left alone, isolated and gone from the world feeling betrayed as the boy was just basically used and the disabled man was rejected may assume that he threw away his life as well as he â€Å"poured† the colours down into shell holes. In comparison, the boy in â€Å"Out, Out† gives a stronger feeling of sorrow or grief for the boy as he is doing something he shouldn’t. In â€Å"Disabled† the idea of a forgotten victim is not shown as him resulting in death. It is the opposite of the boy as he is longing for his death. A powerful word Wilfred Owen used was that sleep had â€Å"mothered† which is a personification that shows his love of sleep where he is nurtured and safe, it even implies that the man is depressed. It assumes that the disabled man wants to escape from reality and go to his own reality in his sleep. Overall, the fragility and delicateness of life and youth mainly presents the idea of the forgotten victim. A forgotten victim is usually immobilized and helpless when they have lost everything. â€Å"Out, Out† and â€Å"Disabled† poignantly present forgotten victims. Even when doing a noble action like joining the army, a man can still be rejected among people. â€Å"Out, out† and â€Å"Disabled† were both written during difficult times and acquaints the reader to the atmosphere of the early 19’s. â€Å"Disabled† and â€Å"Out, Out† was written during the World War 1 where it was difficult and dark times yet in â€Å"Out, Out† we get a taste of how cold society was back then. Society can be cruel and filled with individualism where everyone is their own man so it plays a key point of making the two victims forgotten.

Funny Valentines Day Sayings to Woo Your Beloved

Funny Valentines Day Sayings to Woo Your Beloved Tickle your honeys funny bone with these funny Valentines Day sayings. Its been said that sharing a sense of humor is one of the marks of a strong and satisfying relationship. So go ahead dispense with the mushy stuff this V-Day and have some rollicking good laughs instead. Funny Valentines Day Quotes Ingrid BergmanA kiss is a lovely trick designed by nature to stop speech when words become superfluous. Helen RowlandBetween lovers, a little confession is a dangerous thing. Author UnknownI dont understand why Cupid was chosen to represent Valentines Day. When I think about romance, the last thing on my mind is a short, chubby toddler coming at me with a weapon. LinusI love making friends. It’s people I can’t stand. Barbara BushI married the first man I ever kissed. When I tell my children that, they just about throw up. Dorothy ParkerI require three things in a man. He must be handsome, ruthless and stupid. Hilaire BellocI’m tired of love; I’m still more tired of rhyme, but money gives me pleasure all the time. Groucho MarxInstead of getting married again, Im going to find a woman I dont like and give her a house. Fred AllenIt is probably not love that makes the world go around, but rather those mutually supportive alliances through which partners recognize their dependence on each other for the achievement of shared and private goals. Lynda BarryLove is an exploding cigar we willingly smoke. Pauline ThomasonLove is blind. Marriage is the eye-opener. Judith ViorstLove is much nicer to be in than an automobile accident, a tight girdle, a higher tax bracket or a holding pattern over Philadelphia. Julius GordonLove is not blind; it sees more, not less. But because it sees more, it is willing to see less. Basta Man loves little and often. Woman much and rarely. Judith Viorst One advantage of marriage, it seems to me, is that when you fall out of love with him, or he falls out of love with you, it keeps you together until maybe you fall in again. Albert EllisThe art of love is largely the art of persistence. Mort SahlThe bravest thing that men do is love women. George Bernard ShawThe perfect love affair is one which is conducted entirely by post. John Kenneth GalbraithThere’s a certain part of the contented majority who love anybody who is worth a billion dollars. Brendan FrancisA man is already halfway in love with any woman who listens to him. Author UnknownIf love is blind, why is lingerie so popular? Henry KissingerNobody will ever win the battle of the sexes. Theres too much fraternizing with the enemy. Erich SegalTrue love comes quietly, without banners or flashing lights. If you hear bells, get your ears checked.

Communication and Faster Paced World Essays

Communication and Faster Paced World Essays Communication and Faster Paced World Essay Communication and Faster Paced World Essay The modernization of today is bringing along many benefits and advantages to its people. However, some side effects can also be seen from the effect. In this blog post, I would be analyzing how modernization can bring about both benefits and disadvantages to people. Modernization of today’s world is bringing about much better efficiency around the world. Travelling from Singapore to China used to take months of travelling now took hours. Messages that used to take weeks to be sent out now took seconds. It can therefore be seen how the modernization of our world bring about efficiency to our world, resulting in a faster paced world, without wasting long amounts of time for information and people to be transported from 1 place to another. As a result of the efficiency of our growing world, the economic status of countries is rising rapidly, with countries becoming richer. This would hence improve the living conditions of people living in these countries, which would overall help everyone’s lives to be better. However, though urbanization brings about much advantage and benefits, there are also considerably severe disadvantages and impacts caused. One example of this is the pollution of the environment due to this. With the urbanization of the world, more and more fuel would be burnt, which releases greenhouse gases and contributes towards global warming. This is only one reason how modernization can damage the environment. Another disadvantage of modernization is that our younger generations may soon lose the important communications skills needed in life, and spend more time on social website and instant messaging on the internet. This would hence result in the loss of communications skills among people, a severe consequence indeed. With this combination of advantages and disadvantages, what is it that we are aiming for? Is the current situation what we wanted? Is the advantages worth going for while considering the disadvantages? These are some questions that are highly debatable and there is really no definite answer.

The Improved Elevator Invention of Alexander Miles

The Improved Elevator Invention of Alexander Miles Alexander Miles of Duluth, Minnesota patented an electric elevator on October 11, 1887. His innovation in the mechanism to open and close elevator doors greatly improved elevator safety.  Miles is notable for being a  black inventor  and successful business person in 19th Century America.   Elevator Patent for Automatic Closing Doors The problem with elevators at that time was that the doors of the elevator and the shaft had to be opened and closed manually. This could be done either by those riding in the elevator, or a dedicated elevator operator.  People would forget to close the shaft door. As a result,  there were accidents with people falling down the elevator shaft. Miles was concerned when he saw a shaft door left open when he was riding an elevator with his daughter. Miles  improved the method of the opening and closing of elevator  doors and the shaft door when an elevator was not on that floor.  He created an automatic mechanism that closed access to the shaft by the action of the cage moving. His design attached a flexible belt to the elevator cage. When it went over drums positioned at the appropriate spots above and below a floor, it automated opening and closing the doors with levers and rollers. Miles was granted a patent on this mechanism and it is still influential in elevator design today. He was not the only person to get a patent on automated elevator door systems, as John W. Meaker was granted a patent 13 years earlier. Early Life of Inventor Alexander Miles Miles was born in 1838 in Ohio to Michael Miles and Mary Pompy and is not recorded as having been a slave. He moved to Wisconsin and worked as a barber. He later moved to Minnesota where his draft registration showed he was living in Winona in 1863. He showed his talents for invention by creating and marketing hair care products. He met Candace Dunlap, a white woman who was a widow with two children. They married and moved to Duluth, Minnesota by 1875, where he lived for more than two decades. They had a daughter, Grace, in 1876. In Duluth, the couple invested in real estate, and Miles operated the barbershop at the upscale St. Louis Hotel. He was the first black member of the Duluth Chamber of Commerce. Later Life of Alexander Miles Miles and his family lived in comfort and prosperity in Duluth. He was active in politics and fraternal organizations. In 1899 he sold real estate investments in Duluth and moved to Chicago. He founded The United Brotherhood as a life insurance company that would ensure black people, who were often denied coverage at that time. Recessions took a toll on his investments, and he and his family resettled in Seattle, Washington. At one time it was believed he was the wealthiest black person in the Pacific Northwest, but that did not last. In the last decades of his life, he was again working as a barber. He died in 1918 and was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2007.

Portable Saw Mill Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Portable Saw Mill Industry - Essay Example Most of the times, there are a number of external factors that influence and affect Edward Perry ´s decisions. Such factors could be economic growth of the country, interest or lending rates, political policies, social, cultural and environmental factors affecting timber market. If these factors are not considered by Mr. Perry, he is more likely to miscalculate his profitability in the Portable Saw mill industry. Some of the benefits of conducting an external analysis are: 1. Assessment of structural limitations or opportunities in the market: For example, if you know that there is a public policy that is aiming to reduce overall consumption of timber; Mr. Edward Perry would look into ways to lobby or work around the policy to minimize the impact on his business. An external analysis hence provides important information that strategic managers use in planning, decision-making, and strategy formulation. 2. Long-term market growth: External analysis help you understand the long-term growth prospects of the market by looking at the economic outlook of world, region or country and demographic changes in the country. It gives an idea of what are the driving forces behind the sales trends if the number of target customers is growing or not etc.

The purpose of this assignment is to broaden awareness of the cardiac

The purpose of this is to broaden awareness of the cardiac client, and to evaluate the relevance of the article to nursing practice - Assignment Example The benefits of nursing support have been documented by various studies, and it has been found that such nurse led educational and support programs lead to improved understanding of the disease and a greater awareness of lifestyle changes that can lead to faster recovery, and reduce the risks of recurrence. In recent times health professionals have been focusing on ways of rehabilitating patients with cardiac ailments, in order to help them return to a normal life at the earliest. Studies have shown that this is possible when patients understand their condition; its causes and the lifestyle changes that will enable them regain their health and prevent such events in future. Kadda states that â€Å"The significant role of integrating education in a rehabilitation programme has been widely acknowledged by all health professionals†. (Kadda, 2012, pg 635) The article gives new insights into the mental stresses under which cardiac clients labor and health professionals could use these insights into the management of cardiac patients. Many health professionals are unaware of the psychological stress under which a patient labors, because they consider it a normal reaction to the stress of acute myocardial infarction. The fear in the patient’s mind and that of close family members is not taken into account; hence the problem persists despite medication. The dispelling of this fear and the reassurance that the patient can look forward to going back to a normal life; if certain precautions are taken and certain lifestyle changes are brought about, can go a long way in a faster recovery and prevention of recurrence. The article emphasizes the importance of educating patients and their families. Although this is essential, it has not received due recognition among the medical fraternity. This is due to a lack of trained personnel to impart this education, or lack of time on the part of health professionals or even patients; and

Secretary of State Alexander Hamilton Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Secretary of State Alexander Hamilton - Essay Example In 1790, Hamilton’s idea went through and the Bank of the United States was created with $10 million. The main sources of income for the bank would be the government securities, which were paid at 6% annually by the Federal government. Hamilton wanted to increase the available credit to the public and private enterprises as a way of ensuring circulation. Hamilton’s view was to sell Federal securities to the private sector to gain capital for developing the physical economy. Banks have adopted the Hamilton concept to issue students with credit cards as a way of encouraging growth of national credit worth as opposed to being debt free. Federal student loan and credit card debt account for $914 billion and $672 billion of the 2012 American household debt compared to $750 billion for auto loans (Department of Treasury and Education 30). Statistics indicate that in 2012, household debt grew to $11.31 trillion attributed to what families owe due to student loans, credit cards, home and auto loans (Sharma 31). The U.S. national debt is above the 100% of its GDP because of raising credit from securities. Therefore, the only way to correct the Hamilton mistake is by increasing revenues while applying spending cuts. Contrastingly, the deluge of credit cards targeting students increases their spending habits. This is detrimental to the economy since students owe the banks money and interest, which increase the American household debt. Moreover, Americans are least likely to develop the culture of saving for future financial stability since they continually incur debt because of using credit cards. In conclusion, the deluge of credit cards targeting students is contributing to household debt, which is detrimental to family life. American gain the habit of spending credit before even having it on hand and this trend is getting more students into debt. Thus, the Hamilton monetary policy of using

Sustainability and Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sustainability and Ethics - Essay Example The very issue of fuddling may also lead to the civil society organisations competing with each other for funding and therefore render it impossible for the civil society organisations to work in concert to have creative and constrictive regulation of the business environment.Given the fact that these organisation can be manipulated by the very businesses they are supposed to regulate, it becomes clear that they may not work for the good of the public but may seek the good of the individual people running them. In this kind of scenario, it can be said that their value to the society is not only reduced but that they are actually harmful to the very public they are supposed to protect. However, it cannot be assumed that all civil societies are easily manipulated by private business through funding. Some of them are well managed and are able to retain their authority and are run with integrity. These few civil society organisations are most likely to be helpful to the public and help i n protecting the public from other organisations that may be unethical in the way they operate.There are a number of issues that affect the way a business is run. Sustainability has become a major beacon in the development of business strategies and it is important for any business manager to be able to know what business sustainability is in order to carefully and effectively include it in the business model and ensure that the business has a good sustainability plan (Brockett and Rezaee, 2012). However, the challenge to its is that there are various definitions of sustainability, and although they are all similar, they all defer from each other in at least one critical way.

Evaluate PESTEL factors in Beatles store in London Essay

Evaluate PESTEL factors in Beatles store in London - Essay Example However, later, analysts decided to extend it and include the last two factors as well, giving rise to PESTEL. A PESTEL analysis essentially measures a market. It can be used in conducting marketing and business development related assessments, and can assist in the decision making process of an organization(Hall,2008). It must be noted that the Beatles’ store in London, is a real treat for all the diehard fans of the infamous UK based band called â€Å"the Beatles’ of the 1960s. A large range of memorabilia, ranging from clothing, bags, mugs, and magnets, to miniature guitars, drum kits, old and new records, various autographed items and figurines, everything Beatles related can be found at the store. The store is located at baker street, which was an area originally high class residential, but now is mainly occupied by commercial premises. To gain a better understanding, each factor must be broken down and each component needs to be analyzed separately. Political fac tors address the degree to which a government can intervene in an economy. These factors primarily include tariffs, tax policy, trade restrictions, provision of merit goods, restrictions on demerit goods etc(Middleton,2007). it may also include education, health and a nations infrastructure, all of which are greatly influenced by government intervention. One basic legal legislation that may hamper sales for the store is the decision of the government to impose a GST of 20% (increased from the initial 17.5%) in January 3 2011(Jones,1998). Economic factors include the basic economic ideals such as interest rate, exchange rates, inflation rates, unemployment rate and economic growth. These factors have a massive impact on a businesses operating activities. For example, the inflation rate can determine whether or not people will consume certain goods and services given their real incomes at current inflation rate. Economic conditions affect the feasibility of success and profit at any g iven time, as they have an impact on capital availability, demand and cost. If the demand is extremely high and coupled with low economic cost, it will be profitable for the firm to invest in such a business(Libecap, 1996). The kind of strategy implemented depends on the economic conditions prevailing at the time. If the economy as a whole, or certain sectors of the economy for that matter are expanding, products and services may have more expansive markets and higher demands than during recessionary times. If employment level is high and income levels in turn are high, people in general will demand more as they will have more money to spend in disposable terms. In relation to the store, the fact that the UK economy has just come out of the credit crunch may help in keeping intact the fear of the last economic recession that was not too long ago, which in turn may also hamper growth of sales for the store. Consumption growth has slowed down after the credit crunch of 2008-2009 and i s expected to grow by only 0.6% in 2011 and 1.3% in 2012. By 2015 growth is expected to increase by 2.3% if the government abides by its current economic policies and the spending is continuously financed by extra debt (REFERENCE:  Larry Elliott Economics editor, The Guardian, Monday 4 April 2011). However, this may be a reason to worry in the longer run as spending is financed as a result of economic policies through which

Housing Prices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Housing Prices - Essay Example In this paper, we will first have a look at the whole U.S. mortgage crisis scenario as that has been the major factor that has brought this whole situation into the public perception. Understanding the situation in the light of statistics is very important, as even though this whole topic is so dense and enormous that it cannot be in this paper, but it is certainly essential to have a feel of the situation before we move along. Then, we would move onto the U.S. housing market and try to understand the shifts in pricing over the past decade and the reasons behind these shifts. Furthermore, we will try and determine the implications of the housing market on the economy of the country in general i.e. what effect will the volatility have on the demand and supply equilibrium of the market itself and the greater effect this will have on the economy in general. This is an important section of this paper as this provides the rationale for conducting an analysis on the housing prices and also helps us understand key economic indicators which can help us understand the market better and perhaps prevent market meltdowns like the one suffered in 2006 from occurring again. Finally, we will conclude the paper with our final remarks on the conducted analysis. [1] The U.S. mortgage side has been ruined. ... Even those from lower classes "benefited" from this housing price bubble by being able to own houses with small down payments. Rising prices of housing led to increased borrowing on home equity. The Americans were enjoying their time in the U.S as housing prices shot up 40% between 2000 and 2006 to a high of $234,000. The ratio of median house price to median household income rose from a historically steady ratio of three times (from 1970- 2000) to five times in 2006. This could not be sustained. Housing prices tapered off and started to decline in early 2006 and furthermore in 2007 and 2008; in compliance with what we have seen in the recent two years. With a $20 trillion housing sector, every 10% fall erodes off $2 trillion in household wealth. Almost in parallel, rates of default and foreclosure began to climb. In 2006, 1.2 million household lends saw foreclosure, up 42% from the previous year. The basic definition of sub-prime mortgages is basically lending to borrowers who want to buy a house but who have a weak credit rating. Lenders did so by providing small or zero down payment, and low introductory adjustable rate mortgages. Between 2004 and 2006, there were bookings of $1.5 trillion (15% of the total U.S. housing lends) of sub-prime mortgages. Total sub-prime lends form 25% of the housing mortgage market; these sub-prime lends were fine as long as the housing market continued to boom and interest rates remained stable. When these conditions disappeared, sub-prime borrowers defaulted. The defaults caused an implosion of Mortgage-backed securities and the Collateralized debt duties industry. The blow out shelled in June 2007 with the collapse of sub-prime mortgage hedge funds managed by Bear Stearns, quickly followed by suspending other funds managed

Evaluate PESTEL factors in Beatles store in London Essay

Evaluate PESTEL factors in Beatles store in London - Essay Example However, later, analysts decided to extend it and include the last two factors as well, giving rise to PESTEL. A PESTEL analysis essentially measures a market. It can be used in conducting marketing and business development related assessments, and can assist in the decision making process of an organization(Hall,2008). It must be noted that the Beatles’ store in London, is a real treat for all the diehard fans of the infamous UK based band called â€Å"the Beatles’ of the 1960s. A large range of memorabilia, ranging from clothing, bags, mugs, and magnets, to miniature guitars, drum kits, old and new records, various autographed items and figurines, everything Beatles related can be found at the store. The store is located at baker street, which was an area originally high class residential, but now is mainly occupied by commercial premises. To gain a better understanding, each factor must be broken down and each component needs to be analyzed separately. Political fac tors address the degree to which a government can intervene in an economy. These factors primarily include tariffs, tax policy, trade restrictions, provision of merit goods, restrictions on demerit goods etc(Middleton,2007). it may also include education, health and a nations infrastructure, all of which are greatly influenced by government intervention. One basic legal legislation that may hamper sales for the store is the decision of the government to impose a GST of 20% (increased from the initial 17.5%) in January 3 2011(Jones,1998). Economic factors include the basic economic ideals such as interest rate, exchange rates, inflation rates, unemployment rate and economic growth. These factors have a massive impact on a businesses operating activities. For example, the inflation rate can determine whether or not people will consume certain goods and services given their real incomes at current inflation rate. Economic conditions affect the feasibility of success and profit at any g iven time, as they have an impact on capital availability, demand and cost. If the demand is extremely high and coupled with low economic cost, it will be profitable for the firm to invest in such a business(Libecap, 1996). The kind of strategy implemented depends on the economic conditions prevailing at the time. If the economy as a whole, or certain sectors of the economy for that matter are expanding, products and services may have more expansive markets and higher demands than during recessionary times. If employment level is high and income levels in turn are high, people in general will demand more as they will have more money to spend in disposable terms. In relation to the store, the fact that the UK economy has just come out of the credit crunch may help in keeping intact the fear of the last economic recession that was not too long ago, which in turn may also hamper growth of sales for the store. Consumption growth has slowed down after the credit crunch of 2008-2009 and i s expected to grow by only 0.6% in 2011 and 1.3% in 2012. By 2015 growth is expected to increase by 2.3% if the government abides by its current economic policies and the spending is continuously financed by extra debt (REFERENCE:  Larry Elliott Economics editor, The Guardian, Monday 4 April 2011). However, this may be a reason to worry in the longer run as spending is financed as a result of economic policies through which

Social Learning Theory Essay Example for Free

Social Learning Theory Essay Key Figures: Montgomery, Rotter and Bandura Key Concepts: Individuals learn through observing others’ behavior, attitudes, and effects of those behaviors. Explanation of Disorder Personality: overly aggressive individuals (i.e. serial killers) Validity: When individuals observe others engaging in certain behaviors, it does not necessarily mean that they are learning that behavior. People need a good reason to want to learn behaviors through observation. Comprehensiveness: Social learning theory derived from Montgomery’s proposal that social learning occurred in 4 stages: imitation, close contact, understanding of concepts and role model behavior Applicability: This theory is used in television and movie rating systems that in the United States. It informs parents on what their children are watching and the type of content in this medium. The rating system is based on age suitable material to assist parents in deciding if certain content is appropriate for children. It can also be applied through guided class participation seen in schools all across the United States as well as all over the world. Cultural Utility: Guided participation Trait Theory: Key Figures: Allport and Cattell Key Concepts of Personality Formation: The trait theory implies that people personalities are composed of wide temperaments. It focuses on the differences between individuals. Explanation of Disorder Personality: Traits alone do not necessarily determine psychopathologies such as antisocial behavior or bipolar disorder. There are other factors to consider. Validity: If a child is born with a trait for a certain personality characteristic such as shyness it does not necessarily mean they will be shy adults. It would also depend on things such as parental interactions, cultural encouragement and cognitive awareness. Comprehensiveness: In 1936 Allport categorized personality traits into three levels: 1) Cardinal traits, 2) Central Traits and 3) Secondary Traits Applicability: Cattell condensed the number of personality traits from Allports preliminary list of over four thousand down to one hundred seventy one. He then rated a large number of individuals for these one hundred seventy one different traits. Then he started using a factor analysis which is a statistical technique and ultimately reduced his list to 16. Cattell believed that these traits are the basis of all human’s personality. This is one of the most commonly used personality assessments. Cultural Utility: In certain cultures men and women are encouraged to express certain personality traits over others. For example in some cultures men are discouraged from showing vulnerability and encouraged to show more aggressiveness. Women are generally less encouraged to be aggressive.

The Importance Of Green Computing Information Technology Essay

The Importance Of Green Computing Information Technology Essay Green computing refers to environmentally sustainable computing. It minimize the use of electricity as well as energy and reduce the environmental dissipate when we are using a computer. The green computing has the same goals with green chemistry, which is longer the life time of the product and makes the product more efficiency of energy, advance the discarded product and factory waste to be more easily recycled and biodegradable, use of the less-hazardous materials. According to San Murugesan, green computing is the study of designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers, servers, and related subsystems-such as monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking and communications systems which is efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment. It also strives to get economic achievability and better system performance and use due to abide your social and ethical responsibilities. In the economic sense, it has efficiency energy, a save the total cost of ownership, which includes the cost of disposal and recycling. Therefore it is the study and practice of using computing resources efficiently. Origin The labeling program which is known as Energy Star was one of the earliest initiatives toward in United States. In 1992, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) started to promote all kinds of hardware of energy efficiency, also climate control equipment, and other technologies and it was regarded as Energy Star. The label of Energy Star became a general sight, mainly in  notebook computers and  displays. In Europe and Asia, similar programs have also been implemented. The sleep mode is then adopted among consumer electronics. After the Energy Star program began, the term green computing was probably invented shortly. 100px-Energy_Star_logo.svg.png . Logo of Energy Star Pathways to Green Computing   In accordance with San Murugesan, the study of green computing which is related to use, disposal, designing, and manufacturing, here are the elaborations of the above. There are ways to achieve green computing, aim to make the whole IT lifecycle greener. The following four complementary paths dealing with environmental sustainability are: Green use. Using computers and other information systems in an environmentally sound manner such as reduce the energy consumption. Green disposal. When dealing unwanted compurs or electronic equipment, recycle them properly. Old computers are also encouraged to be reuse or refurbished. Green design. Designing energy-efficient and environmentally sound components, computers, servers, cooling equipment, and data centers Green manufacturing. Manufacturing electronic components, computers, and other associated subsystems with minimal impact on the environment. Important of Green Computing Why should we have the idea of green computing? When the news claimed that the environment was not a renewable resource, it really hit home and people started realizing that they had to do their part to protect the environment. Therefore, green computing is an important idea to keep our environment clean and safe. When it gets involved in recycling computer, it is difficult to dispose the old computers and some more that they take up much space in landfills. Somehow, the problem is that the electronic waste is increasing tremendously within this decade. Many negative effects are gradually showed up towards this environment, especially to human. Due to the quick obsolescence of electronics, it resulted a dreadful 70% of all hazardous waste. Computer waste is high in many toxic materials such as heavy metals and flame-retardant plastics, which easily leach into ground water and bio-accumulate. In addition, to manufacture chips of the electronic requires huge amounts of resources and some deadliest gases and chemicals are used to man . In an average year, 24 million computers have become obsolete in United States. Only about 14% (3.3 million) of these will be recycled or donated. Over 20 million computers, the rest in U.S. will be get rid of, destroyed or shipped as waste products or to be dealt with later in the temporary storage. We do not care about what happens when our laptop dies and just stop to consider it. The reality is that it either decomposed in a landfill or developing countries. The children there wrestling its components apart by hand and melting toxic bits to discover traces or valuable metals like gold. Moreover, E-Waste trade chain is created in developing nations for the imported obsolete electronics. They employ several workers, collectors, segregators, middlemen, scrap dealers and recyclers to take components apart, reuse the functional components, burning or acid dipping and other unprofessional techniques to recycle the non-functional components. After burning and other wastes are disposed, the spent acids and other chemicals, solid wastes eventually end up in rivers. This resulted serious problem of pollution of water, the source we depend , which can threaten our lives.C:UsersUserDocumentsCSCpics80415_beware_free_electronic_waste_collection_events_300dpi.jpg . Landfill C:UsersUserDocumentsCSCpicsStEP-EMPA04.jpgC:UsersUserDocumentsCSCpicsStEP-EMPA01.jpg 3. Unprofessional technique used by the woman that maybe endangers health. 2. Workers in landfill. Another reason that triggers us to look important on green computing is the emissions of harmful gases which come from generating electricity can cause respiratory disease, smog, acid rain and global climate change. These reactions can be avoided if we save the electricity and do not leave computers on continuously because the majority of the worlds electricity is generated by burning fossil fuel pollutants such as sulphur, mercury, and carbon dioxide. Supporting Theory Greener supply chains have become the norm and the trend of green IT. It is because the companies have tried to squeeze very dime out of their supply chains to improve the bottom line and deliver less-expensive products to their customers. Instead of focusing on purely financial improvements, they also try to make the greatest interest in making the supply chains greener. While greening the supply chain, the importance of gathering data and analysis become obviously. So that it is no surprise that IT and electronics equipment manufacturers have been on the leading edge of this field for years. It is because the suppliers are pressured by most of their customer to reduce their carbon footprints, minimize waste that would need to be stored in landfills and use less water. The European Union is tackling with difficulties of producing computers which are free of the worst toxic materials and the responsibility for taking back the company their own old products too. They try to manage with cycling the disassembling parts back into the fabrication process. Finally, in 2002, NEC came out with the first computer to use lead-free solder, a fully recyclable plastic case, and which contained no toxic flame-retardants. It is becoming a common practice for companies to offer their customers free recycling of their old computers since the worldwide of computers company have started selling lead-free PCs. Apple is taking the pioneer and the leader to green computing. The New Mac mini is a good start. Figure Advertisement of Apple the new MacBook The Apple MacBook Pro is the best example of product of green IT. It eliminated many harmful toxins. For example, the mercury used in CCFL backlights and the arsenic contained in the glass of traditional LCD displays.Apple has removed these toxins from all new MacBook Pro notebooks, and theyve done the same for the new MacBook Air, iMac, Mac Pro, and Mac mini; Apple LED Cinema Display; and iPod touch, iPod classic, iPod nano, iPod shuffle, and iPhone. It is highly recyclable. The material of the product is formed from recyclable glass, recyclable aluminum and so on. The raw materials used in new MacBook are very desirable by recycler and it can be reused in other products. Its packaging is reduced. About 41, 37 and 34 percent smaller (13-, 15-, and 17-inch, respectively) than the original one. The reason using smaller boxes is due to we can fit more boxes as possible we can on each shipping pallet. Since more products fit on each plane or boat, fewer boats and planes are used and therefore results in CO2 emissions is reduced. It is more energy efficient. Because Apple makes both hardware and software for Macbook Pro, they manage to design them work together and control every aspect of the production. There are many functions allow the MacBook use less electricity: the MacBook Pro hard drive spins down automatically when inactive. MacBook Pro The Userful MultiSeat takes 1 ordinary PC and turns it into 11 standard USB. Up to 11 users can work on a single computer, each with their own monitor, mice, and keyboards. Not only 80% of hardware cost is saved, the infrastructure (power plugs, cabling, etc.) is reduced by factor of 10. The company, Userful, declared that their software have saved over 13,350 tons of CO2 emissions in the past year, which is same with taking 2,300 cars off the road. This application makes the possibility to reduce the emissions of CO2 by up to 15 per year per system and up to 80% the electronic waste can be reduced. Analysis and Solution of the Problem Why does green computing less common practice in our country? Although we know that green computing is important, but some people just does not do the practical action to save our earth. They constantly think that: I am just one person, I cannot make any difference to something as global as climate change. They underestimate themselves, and continuing destroys the earth. Somehow, this common attitude of human can be an obstacle to the way of green world. If we reluctant to make practical changes in behavior, such as turn off the computer when not in use or recycle used paper, the earth will easily sick one beyond our expectations because of all of us behaves the same attitude and no one willing to change. Green computing will not work out anymore in this instance. In the other hand, there is a common view that man-made emissions are too small to cause climate change. Although it is true that only a small amount of emission caused by human in the annual cycle amount, we cannot be blind as the population increases, our consumption of energy also inevitably in a high demand. Hence, global warming resulted in fast-pace virtually. Therefore, our response is influential because it practically shows how individuals can make a difference by demonstrating the good behavior of everything. Let us say that if everyone uses two sheets less per day in an office of about 1,000 people, it would save a tree every week. We can say we are enough to make difference. Does green computing really go green? The answer may be no definitely 100% of green IT. It depends on the manufacturing process used to produce the electronic. Most products are produced in China or other Asian countries and most of the computer components are outsourced from there. Why? Generally, companies tend to gain more benefit than lose a penny, developing in China or other Asian countries is the way to save the cost of production. How? Because there is not much strict environmental regulations and the labor standards are lax. In addition, products do not often meet the green standards by those manufacturers which are set by the companies, also including Apple headquarters in the United States. Finally, the working conditions, being paid in fair wages, and working reasonable hours also must we consider to ensure to product is truly green. Therefore, labor of production which must be considered in case. Recommendation We should take our responsibility to reduce the environmental impact of computing in order to keep our planet clean and healthy. As users, we could do our part by altering our habits. Here are the ways we can make our world better if we: using computers and devices that comply with the Energy Star program, telecommuting instead of travelling by planes or ship, using paperless method to communicate or in business. In my opinion, technology is created and improved in our generation is to upgrade our quality of life. We should appreciate this advantage but not misuse it. If we waste our resources restlessly and there will not be any chances for us to repent and our live seems to reach the end. Because of the non-renewable resource, which is a natural resource, such as fossil fuel, cannot sustain in a long time if we use them without conservation. This is because the resources often existed in fixed amount, and we keep consuming that much faster than the nature can create them. We use them in our daily life, how would it be if we run out of petroleum? No transport, no food, economic crisisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. More disasters will happen with unexpectedly fast. Therefore, we can change our attitudes now as long as we still have chance to live. In addition, we have only one earth, so treat it well! Conclusion To come to our knowledge, the man-made greenhouse gas emissions increasing is a major contributing factor to global warming, enterprises, governments, and also our society. In the mean time, people trying to tackle environmental issues and adopting environmentally to live in harmony and peacefully with this earth. Therefore, greening our IT products, applications, services and practices are both economic and environmental essential, as well as our social responsibility. As a result, a growing number of IT vendors and users are moving toward green computing and thereby assisting in building a green society and economy. Through the effort of developing sustainable energy, we can create a better quality of life for the coming generation. We can put our effort to learn more about knowledge of computer disposal to protecting the environment. By green computing technology, we are trying to make the whole process surrounding computers more friendly to the environment, economy, and society.

discipline Essay -- essays research papers

The Practice of Discipline   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Certain challenges in life can be described as being inevitable. Nearly everyone must face such typical events throughout the course of their life where surpassing a particular challenge is a sign of growth and experience, and, having been dealt with, such a trial is not expected to arise again. Most individuals in our society are familiar with such periods in their lives where they were made to begin walking as infants, coached into learning how to ride a bicycle later on, encouraged to start driving a car during the teenage years, earned a high school and/or college degree, etc. Such challenges and ordeals are expected. They are perceived as being completely natural and acceptable. Society encourages the pursuit of them and rewards their conquering. Many of us, however, face challenges of a different sort in our lives. These challenges stem from decisions made by the individual, not by society or its norms. In fact, the very reason why such a decision quite ofte n sets challenges ahead for the individual who makes it is due to the fact that it goes completely against societal expectations. The initial conscious decision to go against the grain and not fall into line often sets the stage for a slue of hardships and tribulations, and, chances are it will result in a life-long battle to maintain devotion. I made such a decision.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Around the age of 17, I began to notice that my belief system was becoming increasingly opposed to that of my peers, my family, and even some good friends. For the first time, I began thinking about what I truly believed in and about the direction in which I was headed. One would be hard pressed to find an individual who has not experienced distress over such thoughts. At one time or another, pressure from these or similar thoughts will plague just about everyone during their lives, especially throughout the teen years. The differences in the individual will be shown and defined through the kind of choices that are made during such a period. At that point, when the questions concerning my identity first came into play, I was not much different from the average adolescent. However, when I began to ponder precisely how and what I felt about many pressing issues in my life, I noticed my opinions were quite contrary to those expressed by most people a... ...e I know where I stand is where others will fall. Unfortunately, standing up for one’s beliefs can, at times, bring about instances of very open physical aggression from those who are in opposition of that individual. I witnessed this first hand on a night when I was approached by a fellow student while exiting my dorm hall at school. He had noticed the X’s on my hands, a prominent symbol and show of expression in the Straightedge community. The interaction began when the young man—who, ironically enough, was intoxicated at the time—proceeded to pin me against a wall and scream in my face which was quickly followed by some hateful words expressing his contempt for the Straightedge lifestyle and an invitation to engage in a fight. During, and directly following, the event, I was in a total state of shock, for I was not used to opposition quite that extreme. Though seemingly ridiculous and unfair at the time, this experience was indeed a wake up call tha t helped to reiterate the fact that my decision to go against the norm is not, and never will be, an easy task.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The main purpose here is to educate. By using examples and sharing I hope to help others.

Essays --

Enviro Geo 1 CP: Take Home Final Exam Unit One Review: Biodiversity A. What is biodiversity? Biodiversity is the variety of life and all natural processes found on Earth. B. Why is global biodiversity decreasing? The main cause of the decrease in global biodiversity is the result of human activity. This means habitat destruction, hunting, invasive species, pollution, and climate change that threaten the extinction of species. C. How can we protect and preserve biodiversity? One way we can preserve and protect biodiversity is through the law. Right now, legal actions are being made to save species from extinction. For example, the Endangered Species Act (ESA) forbids the government and private citizens from harming listed endangered and threatened species or their habitats. Also Species Survival Plans (SSP) are made to manage, protect, and reintroduce threatened and endangered species by putting them into captivity until safe to be released. D. How do energy and nutrients move through ecosystems? a. (reference food webs/food chains/energy pyramids) Energy and nutrients move throughout the ecosystem through the consumption of other creatures. This transfers energy to the next consumer, however it transfers smaller and smaller amounts of energy as the chain of consumers grows larger. E. THE BIG QUESTION: Why is it important to protect biodiversity? Biodiversity increases an ecosystem’s productivity; meaning all species play huge roles in it, especially humans since they have the ability to completely change nature. Humans heavily depend on plants and animals and benefit directly from diverse ecosystems: plants, clean water, oxygen, food, and fertile land all come from healthy bio... ...ding then transforming into Industrial agriculture with the advancements of technology. B. How can we produce enough food for a rapidly growing population while sustaining our ability to produce it? Our world today faces the problem of running out of space. We need not only land to live on, but also land to cultivate crops. Already forty percent of Earth’s land is used for farming purposes, and with a population over seven billion and still rapidly growing, the main problem is, There isn’t enough room. So the price of food is raising. Right now, one billion people are suffering from hunger, they can’t afford the food that is taking up living space, so if we cut down more forests and destroy nature, will the prices go down? The best way to produce enough food for our population as of now is to use our resources more efficiently and reduce our wastes of food. Essays -- Enviro Geo 1 CP: Take Home Final Exam Unit One Review: Biodiversity A. What is biodiversity? Biodiversity is the variety of life and all natural processes found on Earth. B. Why is global biodiversity decreasing? The main cause of the decrease in global biodiversity is the result of human activity. This means habitat destruction, hunting, invasive species, pollution, and climate change that threaten the extinction of species. C. How can we protect and preserve biodiversity? One way we can preserve and protect biodiversity is through the law. Right now, legal actions are being made to save species from extinction. For example, the Endangered Species Act (ESA) forbids the government and private citizens from harming listed endangered and threatened species or their habitats. Also Species Survival Plans (SSP) are made to manage, protect, and reintroduce threatened and endangered species by putting them into captivity until safe to be released. D. How do energy and nutrients move through ecosystems? a. (reference food webs/food chains/energy pyramids) Energy and nutrients move throughout the ecosystem through the consumption of other creatures. This transfers energy to the next consumer, however it transfers smaller and smaller amounts of energy as the chain of consumers grows larger. E. THE BIG QUESTION: Why is it important to protect biodiversity? Biodiversity increases an ecosystem’s productivity; meaning all species play huge roles in it, especially humans since they have the ability to completely change nature. Humans heavily depend on plants and animals and benefit directly from diverse ecosystems: plants, clean water, oxygen, food, and fertile land all come from healthy bio... ...ding then transforming into Industrial agriculture with the advancements of technology. B. How can we produce enough food for a rapidly growing population while sustaining our ability to produce it? Our world today faces the problem of running out of space. We need not only land to live on, but also land to cultivate crops. Already forty percent of Earth’s land is used for farming purposes, and with a population over seven billion and still rapidly growing, the main problem is, There isn’t enough room. So the price of food is raising. Right now, one billion people are suffering from hunger, they can’t afford the food that is taking up living space, so if we cut down more forests and destroy nature, will the prices go down? The best way to produce enough food for our population as of now is to use our resources more efficiently and reduce our wastes of food.

How Diversity of Faith is Effectively Used in Nursing Care Essay

Even though medical healing is mainly based upon scientific beliefs, one cannot discount the effect of religious beliefs in the healing of a patient. For many people with a strong religious conviction, the simple belief in the power of prayer is enough to create signs of healing even in the most critical of patients. Even though the effects of prayer are undocumented, there is a growing belief among many that faith plays a significant role in healing a patient when science has given him up for dead. In the medical field, nurses are slowly realizing that a diversity of faith among their patients has them in a bind. Not all nurses are religious, nor do they share the same religious traditions as the patient. In such instances, it is up to the nurse to find a middle ground where they can honor the religious beliefs of individual patients without losing sight of their own religion. Nursing is a highly technical occupation. This is why even though nurses realize that each patient has a spiritual need, the nurse may not always be trained to respond to it. So this job is usually relegated to the hospital’s pastoral care workers even though nurses would be better placed to deliver such patient needs. It is not for a nurse to question the religious beliefs of her patients, but it is her job to insure that these beliefs are fully utilized in the process of helping a patient to heal both physically, mentally, and spiritually. Unfortunately, the nursing shortage in the country does not leave the nurses with much to connect on a personal basis with their patients. Patient care and comfort are forgone in lieu of time management and getting the job done. Though nurses have traditionally been viewed as both medical and spiritual healers because of the personal connection they have with their wards, the lack of time and instruction as to how to combine patient care and religion are sending our nurses off the original objectives of why they became nurses. Roberta Bube, RN, PHN currently works part time as nurse at the Marion Medical Center in Santa Maria, Calif. According to her interview in Nurseweek for the article â€Å"You Gotta Have Fait†, she realized that â€Å"You have to address mind, body and spirit, I always found time to do it [in a hospital]. I did have to be cautious. I’d have to do it quietly. Everybody’s beliefs are different.† So, how can a nurse integrate the religious aspect and its various differences in their daily dealings with their individual patients? Firstly, a nurse can typically start by incorporating the patient’s religious belief into her basic daily care routine for the patient. At the Saint Francis Medical Center in Santa Barbara, California, clinical coordinator Jan Ingram, RN, explains in the same article that â€Å"Whether you’re giving them a sponge bath or putting them on the commode, if you’re really there with them-mindfully present-that is a spiritual action.† Nurses have to realize that listening and communicating with their patient is of vital importance in helping a patient heal. This includes developing ways and means for the patient to be able to effectively practice their beliefs and be able to assist in the patient’s personal spiritual care. Once a nurse learns to approach a person holistically, the nurse will now be in a very good position to accept the various faiths of their patients and convert the same or varied belief amongst the patients she is in charge of. Secondly, the nurse must be willing to set aside her own personal spiritual beliefs and instead be open minded and willing to accept the faith of the patient while she is caring for him or her. A patient may request for a bible reading, a short prayer, or simply letting the patient talk with the nurse listening and prepared to reassure her at the end that God has not abandoned him or her. If need be, a nurse must not hesitate to accommodate a patients request to join him in a religious activity. Such activities tend to reassure a patient and keep him calm throughout the healing process. Lastly, it is highly imperative that nurses know and understand the religious beliefs of their patients as these beliefs can affect their medical decisions pertaining to procedures such as operations or end of life decisions. So, a nurse is encouraged to discuss and explore their patients religious beliefs if a patient is comfortable doing so with the nurse. This will allow a nurse to develop and gain the trust of the patient because the patient will be comfortable in the knowledge that the nurse in charge of her care understands her religious belief and will always respect its role in their lives. Such support systems between patient and nurse usually prove vital in the therapeutic alliance of the two parties.   It is also highly important that a nurse, even though not a devout practitioner of her religion, believes in God and knows how to pray. Even though a nurse is taught how to compartmentalize her feelings and not be affected by the events of the day at the hospital, one cannot help but be affected. There will be times in the course of performing her duty that she will call science into question and why it failed certain patients, or why it cannot seem to heal a patient who has no reason to be ill. During those situations, when science seems to fail her, the only thing she will find herself clinging to is her belief in god or her religion. It is this faith that she will take with her as she tries to heal her patient and help him cope with his medical situation. This will be the common denominator binding them. Faith in religion regardless of what the religion is commonly called. At the end of the day, nurses will have to learn to accept and integrate the diversified cultures and religious beliefs of their patients. The nurse will have to turn to her own personal faith for support as well. All of this because healing a patient is not all a matter of science. It is also a matter of spiritual belief in a Supreme Being who can heal us all of our aches and pains in any form or guise. Work Cited Hebert Randy S. ; Jenckes., Mollie W. ; Ford, Daniel E.; O’Connor, Debra R. $ Cooper, Lisa A. (2001). Patient Perspectives on Spirituality and the Patient-Physician Relationship. Journal of Internal General Medicine. Retrieved May 25, 2007 from http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1495274 Hemilla, Donna. (2002). You Gotta Have Faith. Nurseweek. Retrieved May 20, 2007 from http://www.nurseweek.com/news/features/02-09/faith.asp Mitchell, Joyce & Haroun, Lee. (2005). Healthcare. Singapore. Thomson Delmar. Wensley, Michelle. Spirituality in Nursing. Retrieved May 21, 2007 from http://www.ciap.health.nsw.gov.au/hospolic/stvincents/1995/a04.html   

Students, faculty struggle with plagiarism in Internet era

In the postmodern society we have today, Internet-access Is a natural part of the everyday life. Not only have the Internet almost taken over people's lives, but apparently also their schoolwork and education. Due to the easy access to everything on the Internet, faculty at schools have trouble find-inning a dividing line, between what is cheating and what is not. An example of this was seen in a chemistry-class at the University of Wisconsin, where 42 students were accused of plagiarism. While all the students protested, none of the students seemed to know the seriousness of the situ-tool.This leads to the question: when Is something plagiarism? And what can one do to fix the cheating? Journalist, Todd Effeminately wrote the text â€Å"U students, faculty struggle with plagiarism in In-tern era† in 2010, and it was published in â€Å"the Capital Times†- newspaper. The sender of the art-clue, want to Inform the reader of the present Issue: plagiarism. The sender simply wants to notify the reader that plagiarism Is Illegal and wrong. This leads to the unknowing students, who tempt to take the short cut and use other people's work.The scary thing is that most students don't see the series- scenes of this problem – they simply don't consider it cheating. As Donald McCabe, professor at Rutgers University and co-founder of the International Center for Academic Integrity, explains it: â€Å"You're almost to the 50-50 mark right now, where almost half the students we survey don't see this as ‘moderate' or ‘serious' cheating. And the number that's growing Is the half who don't con-slider It cheating. † This quotation-use by the writer, appeals to the readers pathos: how come so many students don't see this wrongdoing?What have society done wrong to make this happen? Not only does Effeminately appeal to pathos, but he also appeals to ethos, which strengthens his reliability. HIS ethos Increases, with both the use of statistics and experts to comment on the Issue, for an example: â€Å"Donald McCabe, has been researching academic misconduct for 20 years, and he says Logos is also a penetrating form of appeal. It is used throughout the entire text, when Effeminately tries to convince the reader that plagiarism is an increasing crime.Because, of course plagiarism is wrong, and he proves it by referring to the majorities opinion: â€Å"most me to agree with the notion that plagiarism – taking the work of others and presenting It as your own – Is wrong†. Another appeal to logos Is his use of connectives in the text. Connectives make him look sure of his case, for an example when he uses â€Å"of course† in the end his contention: â€Å"Students who cheat are nothing new on college campuses, of course†. All of the examples above are all signs of hidden argumentation.Hidden problem, and agree with him at the same time. With the use of hidden argumentation, the reader is influence d in the wanted direction, most likely without ensign any form of manipulation. The signs of hidden argumentation is seen in the text, when the writer refers to experts, the majority of people's opinions and if the writer is general-sizing, which is all seen in this text. The way of the composition makes the text very floating – there is a good balance between claim and evidence in the argumentation.At the same time there is a perfect comprehensive use of experts to support the argumentation. Because of the formal and high-flown language used in the article, it is to conclude that the target roof for the text must be most suitable for the academic educated people. At the same time it is not unthinkable that the text also is meant for college-students around the world. Because of the theme and the conclusion in the text, you must assume that the text's purr-pose is to enlighten the students about the serious matter of the problem: plagiarism.One of the scary things to think ab out is the fact that young students cheat because they have doubt in themselves. Either, they don't realism how smart they are, or maybe they are Just scared of hard work and failure? In reality, the main reason why students cheat is because they: â€Å"didn't think they could accomplish what they wanted to any other way'. But is the goal really accomplished, when it is accomplished with fraud? Plagiarism is so common that some people even write papers in ex-change for money.As it is told in the article: â€Å"Professor Donald Downs (†¦ ) met a man who â€Å"told me he felt like he had taken my courses. † A puzzled Downs asked the man what he meant. â€Å"He told me, ‘Vive written about 20 papers for your In conclusion, what can one do to fix the cheating? According to the article the main season to fix cheating is by talking about it, even though the topic is sensitive: ;legalism is a very difficult conversation to have because nobody quite wants to talk about it,† (†¦ You can't work on this issue unless you talk about it. † The important thing is to enlighten students about this issue, because if the students really speak the truth: then how can it be considered cheating, if they truly don't know what plagiarism is? Enlighten is also the main purpose of this article: enlighten the world about plagiarism. Set a stop to plagiarism and accomplish your goals by yourself.